The Science

False Hope Syndrome

Why committing to a change feels good long before anything changes.


Why is it so fun to start a new habit and so miserable to keep it going?

False Hope Syndrome describes the loop. You decide to change something, make it a few days, fall short, decide next time will be different, then commit again to roughly the same thing. Janet Polivy and Peter Herman named it in 2000 after looking at why people attempt the same self-change year after year with a track record that says it won't work.[1]

The craziest part of it all, is that the reward doesn't come from doing the work. It comes from deciding to do the work. The moment you declare you're going to run every morning, you get a real surge of control and optimism, before you've broken a sweat, whether or not the change ever happens.[2]

That's what keeps the loop running. The attempt pays out on day one.

What we get wrong

Polivy and Herman found four expectations that consistently run too high. We overestimate how much we'll change, how fast it will happen, how easy it will be, and how much better life will feel once we do it.

The fourth one does the most damage. We expect a new routine to fix the rest of our lives, so even when it's going well, it often feels like nothing is changing.

How we read the failure

When the attempt falls apart, the explanation is almost never that the goal was wrong. It's that we didn't try hard enough. We reach for more discipline, more willpower, more discipline next time. A structural failure gets treated like a personal one, and more effort gets thrown at a problem effort can't fix.

How does this apply to habits?

You set your habit goal on the day your motivation is at its peak. That is the worst possible day to make the plan. Day one motivation is a liar. It makes promises your normal Tuesday can't keep.

The goal then has to survive your ordinary days and your bad days, having been built for perfect conditions. On the off chance that life doesn't provide those perfect conditions, we tend to take that personally, as our own failing, rather than it being an artifact of a problematic plan.

What we built instead

Try Easier starts by asking how hard the habit actually is. Drinking more water is easy. Exercising is not. Your answer sets a recommended starting frequency. You can override it.

From there you have two goals. The Floor is once a week and it never moves, so when life tries to surprise you, you're already prepared for it. The Ceiling is the typical goal you'd set in a habit app, ideally set lower than you'd like, and it rises when you prove you're ready for more.

None of that stops you aiming high. It stops the goal from being a guess made on your most motivated day.

Also in The Science

You've already tried harder.
Try Easier.

Get it on Google Play iOS coming soon

Sources

  1. Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (2000). The false-hope syndrome: Unfulfilled expectations of self-change. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9(4), 128–131. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00076
  2. Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (2002). If at first you don't succeed: False hopes of self-change. American Psychologist, 57(9), 677–689. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.57.9.677